Real-world optimization problems, such as global optimization, cleaner production system, and complex design challenges are inherently complex, involving many variables and constraints. These factors ...

To address the shortcomings of the gravitational search algorithm, such as its tendency to fall into local optima, slow convergence, and low solution accuracy, this paper proposes a gravitational ...

Penn Engineers have developed an open-source algorithm that combines the speed of AI with the precision of geometry to ...